Go-operators

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Go-オペレーター

演算子は、特定の数学的または論理的な操作を実行するようコンパイラーに指示する記号です。 Go言語は組み込みの演算子が豊富であり、次の種類の演算子を提供します-

  • 算術演算子
  • 関係演算子
  • 論理演算子
  • ビット演算子
  • 割り当て演算子
  • その他の演算子

このチュートリアルでは、算術、リレーショナル、論理、ビット単位、割り当て、およびその他の演算子を1つずつ説明します。

算術演算子

次の表に、Go言語でサポートされているすべての算術演算子を示します。 変数 A が10を保持し、変数 B が20を保持すると仮定します-

リンク：/go/go_arithmetic_operators [例を表示]

Operator Description Example
+ Adds two operands A + B gives 30
- Subtracts second operand from the first A - B gives -10
* Multiplies both operands A* B gives 200
/ Divides the numerator by the denominator. B/A gives 2
% Modulus operator; gives the remainder after an integer division. B % A gives 0
++ Increment operator. It increases the integer value by one. A++ gives 11
 —  Decrement operator. It decreases the integer value by one. A-- gives 9

関係演算子

次の表に、Go言語でサポートされているすべての関係演算子を示します。 変数 A が10を保持し、変数 B が20を保持すると仮定します-

リンク：/go/go_relational_operators [例を表示]

Operator Description Example
== It checks if the values of two operands are equal or not; if yes, the condition becomes true. (A == B) is not true.
!= It checks if the values of two operands are equal or not; if the values are not equal, then the condition becomes true. (A != B) is true.
> It checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand; if yes, the condition becomes true. (A > B) is not true.
< It checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of the right operand; if yes, the condition becomes true. (A < B) is true.
>= It checks if the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand; if yes, the condition becomes true. (A >= B) is not true.
⇐ It checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand; if yes, the condition becomes true. (A ⇐ B) is true.

論理演算子

次の表に、Go言語でサポートされているすべての論理演算子を示します。 変数 A が1を保持し、変数 B が0を保持すると仮定します-

リンク：/go/go_logical_operators [例を表示]

Operator Description Example
&& Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands are non-zero, then condition becomes true. (A && B) is false.
Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two operands is non-zero, then condition becomes true. (A
B) is true. ! Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true then Logical NOT operator will make false.

次の表は、Go言語でサポートされているすべての論理演算子を示しています。 変数 A が真を保持し、変数 B が偽を保持すると仮定します-

Operator Description Example
&& Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands are false, then the condition becomes false. (A && B) is false.
Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two operands is true, then the condition becomes true. (A
B) is true. ! Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make it false.

ビット演算子

ビットごとの演算子はビットに対して機能し、ビットごとの操作を実行します。 ＆、|、および^の真理値表は次のとおりです-

p q p & q p q
p ^ q 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 1

A = 60と仮定します。およびB = 13。 バイナリ形式では、次のようになります-

A = 0011 1100

B = 0000 1101 

A＆B = 0000 1100

A | B = 0011 1101

A ^ B = 0011 0001

〜A = 1100 0011

C言語でサポートされているビット演算子は、次の表にリストされています。 変数Aが60を保持し、変数Bが13を保持すると仮定します-

リンク：/go/go_bitwise_operators [例を表示]

[cols=",,",options="header",]
|===
|Operator |Description |Example |& |Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands. |(A & B) will give 12, which is 0000 1100 || |Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in either operand. |(A | B) will give 61, which is 0011 1101 |^ |Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both. |(A ^ B) will give 49, which is 0011 0001 |<< |Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand. |A << 2 will give 240 which is 1111 0000 |>> |Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand. |A >> 2 will give 15 which is 0000 1111
|===

=== 割り当て演算子

次の表は、Go言語でサポートされているすべての割り当て演算子を示しています-

リンク：/go/go_assignment_operators [例を表示]

[cols=",,",options="header",]
|===
|Operator |Description |Example |= |Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand |C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C |+= |Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand |C += A is equivalent to C = C + A |-= |Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand |C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A |*= |Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand |C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A |/= |Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand |C/= A is equivalent to C = C/A |%= |Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand |C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A |<<= |Left shift AND assignment operator |C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2 |>>= |Right shift AND assignment operator |C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2 |&= |Bitwise AND assignment operator |C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2 |^= |bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator |C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2 ||= |bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator |C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2
|===

=== その他の演算子

 *sizeof* や*？：。*など、Go言語でサポートされている他の重要な演算子がいくつかあります

リンク：/go/go_misc_operator [例を表示]

[cols=",,",options="header",]
|===
|Operator |Description |Example |& |Returns the address of a variable. |&a; provides actual address of the variable. |* |Pointer to a variable. |*a; provides pointer to a variable.
|===

=== Goでの演算子の優先順位

演算子の優先順位は、式内の用語のグループ化を決定します。 これは、式の評価方法に影響します。 特定の演算子は、他の演算子よりも優先順位が高くなっています。たとえば、乗算演算子は加算演算子よりも優先順位が高くなります。

たとえば、x = 7 + 3 * 2;ここでは、演算子*の優先順位が+よりも高いため、xには20ではなく13が割り当てられます。したがって、最初に3 * 2で乗算され、7に加算されます。

ここでは、優先順位が最も高い演算子が表の上部に表示され、優先順位が最も低い演算子が下部に表示されます。 式内では、優先順位の高い演算子が最初に評価されます。

リンク：/go/go_operators_precedence [例を表示]

[cols=",,",options="header",]
|===
|Category |Operator |Associativity |Postfix |() [] -> . ++ - - |Left to right |Unary |+ - ! ~ ++ - - (type)* & sizeof |Right to left |Multiplicative | */% |Left to right |Additive |+ - |Left to right |Shift |<< >> |Left to right |Relational |< <= > >= |Left to right |Equality |== != |Left to right |Bitwise AND |& |Left to right |Bitwise XOR |^ |Left to right |Bitwise OR || |Left to right |Logical AND |&& |Left to right |Logical OR ||| |Left to right |Conditional |?: |Right to left |Assignment |= += -=* =/= %=>>= <<= &= ^= |= |Right to left |Comma |, |Left to right
|===
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