Chemistry-part2-chemistry-nobel-prize

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化学-ノーベル賞

  • Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff(オランダの科学者)は、1901年にノーベル化学賞を受賞した最初の人物です。
  • ヤコブスヘンリカスは、彼の研究、つまり「化学動力学と溶液中の浸透圧の法則」でノーベル賞を受賞しました。
  • 1901年から2016年にかけて、合計174人の化学者がノーベル賞を受賞しました。
  • 当時、4人の女性が化学でノーベル賞を受賞しています。
  • マリー・キュリーは、ノーベル化学賞を受賞した最初の女性でした。
  • 次の表は、化学でノーベル賞を受賞した個人の名前とその作品(受賞者)を示しています-
Name Country (year) Work/Area
Svante August Arrhenius Sweden (1903) Electrolytic theory of dissociation
Sir William Ramsay UK (1904) Discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air
Ernest Rutherford UK/New Zealand (1908) Chemistry of radioactive substances
Maria Skłodowska-Curie Poland/France (1911) Discovery of the elements radium and polonium
Alfred Werner Switzerland (1913) Linkage of atoms in molecules
Theodore William Richards US (1914) Determinations of the atomic weight
Walter Norman Haworth UK (1937) Investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C
Paul Karrer Switzerland (1937) investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2
Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt Germany (1939) Work on sex hormones
Otto Hahn Germany (1944) Discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei
John Howard Northrop & Wendell Meredith Stanley US (1946) Preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form
Vincent du Vigneaud US (1955) First synthesis of a polypeptide hormone
Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood & Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov UK & Soviet Union (1956) Mechanism of chemical reactions
Frederick Sanger UK (1958) The structure of proteins (especially insulin)
Willard Frank Libby US (1960) Method to use carbon-14 for age determination
Melvin Calvin US (1961) Carbon dioxide assimilation in plants
Karl Ziegler & Giulio Natta Germany & Italy (1963) Chemistry and technology of high polymers
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin UK (1964) Determinations by X-ray techniques
Paul J. Flory US (1974) Physical chemistry of macromolecules
Paul Berg US (1980) recombinant-DNA
Aaron Klug UK (1982) Development of crystallographic electron microscopy
Henry Taube US (1983) Mechanisms of electron transfer reactions
Robert Bruce Merrifield US (1984) Methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix
Elias James Corey US (1990) Methodology of organic synthesis
Richard R. Ernst Switzerland (1991) Methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
Kary B. Mullis US (1993) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method
George A. Olah US & Hungary (1994) Carbocation chemistry
Peter Agre US (2003) Discovery of water channels (cell membranes)
Roger D. Kornberg US (2006) Molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription
Gerhard Ertl Germany (2007) Chemical processes on solid surfaces
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz, & Ada E. Yonath 2009 Structure and function of the ribosome
Tomas Lindahl, Paul L. Modrich, & Aziz Sancar 2015 DNA repair
Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddart, & Ben Feringa 2016 Design and synthesis of molecular machines